In a pandemic, such as we are currently experiencing with COVID-19, the need for medical resources, including personnel and equipment, quickly outstrips the available supply. Policymakers urgently need information and tested strategies to inform important decisions about how to make the best use of these scarce resources. A 2012 AHRQ evidence review identified strategies for allocating medical resources in a mass casualty event. We aim to update the evidence review of strategies for policy makers, with a focus on pandemics, in this rapid review.