1. What is the decision or change (e.g., clinical topic, practice guideline, system design, delivery of care) you are facing or struggling with where a summary of the evidence would be helpful?

1. What are the benefits and harms of continuous glucose monitoring devices for individuals who do not have diabetes?

Population: adults with prediabetes
Intervention: continuous glucose monitoring devices
Comparison: self-monitoring blood glucose devices or no intervention
Outcomes: Quality of life (including sleep quality, anxiety/depression), delay in progression of type 2 diabetes, medication use

2. What are the benefits and harms of continuous glucose monitoring devices for individuals who have diabetes but are not taking insulin?

Population: adults with Type 2 diabetes who are not taking insulin
Intervention: continuous glucose monitoring devices
Comparison: self-monitoring blood glucose devices or no intervention
Outcomes: Quality of life (including sleep quality, anxiety/depression), hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events, delay in progression of complications, medication use

3. What are the benefits and harms of continuous glucose monitoring devices for persons with diabetes, particularly older adults and persons who are pregnant?

Population: adults with diabetes with focus on older adults and pregnant persons
Intervention: continuous glucose monitoring devices
Comparison: self-monitoring blood glucose devices or no intervention
Outcomes: Quality of life (including sleep quality, anxiety/depression), hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events, hospitalizations, ER visits, diabetes distress, delay in progression of complications, medication use
Specific to pregnant individuals: preeclampsia or other complications, macrosomia, surgical intervention, maternal morbidity and mortality, fetal morbidity and mortality

4. What are the benefits and harms of newer insulin delivery systems for persons with diabetes, particularly older adults and persons who are pregnant?

Population: adults with diabetes with focus on older adults and pregnant persons
Intervention: automated insulin delivery and smart pens
Comparison: normal syringes or non-smart pens
Outcomes: Quality of life (including sleep quality, anxiety/depression), hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events, hospitalizations, ER visits, diabetes distress, delay in progression of complications, additional medication use; injuries due to pump failure
Specific to pregnant individuals: preeclampsia or other complications, macrosomia, surgical intervention, maternal morbidity and mortality, fetal morbidity and mortality

5. Why are you struggling with this issue?

While many devices for people with diabetes have been used successfully for many years, more advanced technologies that provide enhanced data and greater convenience are rapidly being introduced. Advanced tools, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), smart insulin pens, and automated insulin delivery systems provide data and insulin doses in real time to help persons with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes avoid experiencing hyper- or hypoglycemia. This is particularly important as hypoglycemia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. Severe hyperglycemia can result in hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality. Diabetes technology is rapidly changing and improving and can be beneficial for all those living with diabetes. As such, patient values and preferences will be critical in determining the best technology option for an individual. Understanding the safety and efficacy for types of devices will be important for shared decision-making discussions.

6. What do you want to see changed? How will you know that your issue is improving or has been addressed?

Increased comfort and support for shared-decision making discussions along with increased patient empowerment for determining the right diabetes technology.

7. When do you need the evidence report?

Thu, 12/31/2026

8. What will you do with the evidence report?

AACE published a landmark guideline on diabetes technology in 2022 and is currently planning an update. Understanding that this is a dynamic area, we are very interested in the possibility of partnering on a living systematic review for this topic which would support the development and update of a living guidance document. As such, the timeline is flexible.

Optional Information About You

What is your role or perspective? Professional society

If you are you making a suggestion on behalf of an organization, please state the name of the organization American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

May we contact you if we have questions about your nomination? Yes